Understanding range commands is not optional — it is a safety requirement. Every shooting range operates on a system of verbal commands issued by the Range Safety Officer that control when shooters may handle firearms, when they may fire, and when all activity must stop. Failing to understand or follow these commands puts everyone on the range at risk.
"Range is Hot" or "The line is hot" means the range is active and shooting is permitted. You may handle your firearm, load, and fire at your target. However, no one should be downrange when this command is given. Always visually confirm that the range is clear before you begin shooting, even after the hot command is issued.
"Cease Fire" is the most critical command on any range. When you hear it, immediately stop shooting, remove your finger from the trigger, unload your firearm, lock the action open, set the firearm on the bench with the muzzle pointed downrange, and step back from the firing line. A cease fire can be called by the RSO or by any shooter who observes an unsafe condition. It is never questioned or debated — compliance is immediate and absolute.
"Range is Cold" or "The line is cold" means all firearms must be unloaded with actions locked open and no one may touch any firearm. This command is typically given so shooters can go downrange to check or change targets. During a cold range, stand well behind the firing line with your hands away from any firearm. Do not approach the bench until the RSO declares the range hot again.
"Shooters ready" is a preparatory command that precedes the hot command. It gives you time to put on your eye and ear protection, load your firearm, and prepare to fire. "Commence firing" or "You may fire when ready" gives explicit permission to begin shooting. "Make safe" means unload your firearm and lock the action open — it is often given before a cease fire.
Other terms you should know: "Downrange" means the direction toward the targets. "Firing line" is the position where shooters stand to fire. "Bench" or "station" is your designated shooting position. A "squib load" is a round that fires with insufficient power and may lodge a bullet in the barrel — if you hear an unusually quiet shot, stop immediately and check the barrel before firing again. "Hang fire" is a delayed ignition — keep the firearm pointed downrange for at least 30 seconds before attempting to clear it. Knowing these terms keeps you safe and confident on any range.
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